Emails

Last Day!

Hiya Ethics!

Thank you for all your hard work in Journalism Ethics over the last 14 weeks!

Faculty aren’t required to do course evaluations this semester, but, as always, I’d appreciate your feedback on the class so I can continue to change it up and make it better. Here’s the link:

http://owl.umass.edu/partners/courseEvalSurvey/uma/

It’s always a privilege to study, consume and practice the best journalism—and journalism has never been better or more important than it is today.

It’s also been a privilege to explore ethics with all of you. I look forward to staying in touch and to the time when we’ll meet again. I hope it’s soon!

All best,

k

Emails

Photo Ethics

Hiya Ethics,

Today we’ll look briefly at the ethics of photojournalism, which was the focus of a recent Vox piece that talks about why Asians in masks shouldn’t be the face of Covid-19 coverage:

Kainaz Amaria, Vox’s visual editor, says that for these kinds of stories — ones mired in issues of identity and discrimination — news outlets must ask themselves, “Are the photographs further stigmatizing a particular community or perpetuating stereotypes?” Defaulting to using photos of Asian Americans or scenes in Chinatowns to report broadly on the coronavirus pandemic “is an editorially and ethically questionable decision,” she adds.

It’s always an ethical imperative for photos to be contextually accurate and equally important that they document what’s taking place. In what may be my favorite piece this semester, Sam Roe explains why John Filo, a Kent State student, took the iconic photos of the Ohio National Guard firing on students—and killing four of them. Other students were screaming at him for taking photos of bodies. But he had to do it:

Filo says he yelled back: “No one is going to believe this happened!”

For today, please look at the assigned readings (Roe, Hare, Frost, Elfrink), then read the short outline attached, which gives you important ethical guidelines on:

  • Taking photos
  • Using graphic photos
  • Selecting photos generally
  • Manipulating photos (NEVER!)
  • Ensuring integrity of photos/video

After you’ve done the reading, click through this Reuters photo gallery from last year. It documents the U.S. Border Patrol carrying out Trump’s orders to shoot tear gas at immigrants trying to cross into the U.S. from Mexico. All the photos are accurate, but they seem to tell different stories. Do some seem pro-Trump/anti-immigration? Some anti-Trump/pro-immigration? Some neutral?

Elfrink identifies the two different viewpoints:

[Some of] the images provoked outrage and seemed at odds with President Trump’s portrayal of the caravan migrants as “criminals” and “gang members.” 

Trump officials said that authorities had to respond with force after hundreds of migrants rushed the border near Tijuana on Sunday, some of them throwing “projectiles” at Customs and Border Protection personnel.

After taking all of this in, write three short grafs about your observations on 1) Roe, 2) Frost and 3) Elfrink/Reuters Photo Gallery. Use at least one quote from each, and include your own observations about the messages in these articles and the photos. This should be about one page.

Due: 10 a.m. Tuesday, April 28

This is your last assignment! You’ll want to focus all of next week on your final essay. I’ll be in touch at 10 Tuesday to see how you’re doing.

Missing you!

All best,

k

Emails

Deception a Day Early!

Hiya Ethics!

I’m emailing a day early because UMass is “upgrading” faculty email today, and we’ll be without service for some time. I want to make sure I get Tuesday’s work to you, so here you go.

Should journalists ever lie to get a story? Attached is a short outline on Deception that tells you under what circumstances reporters can be dishonest in service of a greater good. Once you read the outline and the assigned reading (NPR and Shafer), take a look at the story described below.

A three-year undercover Newsday investigation found that real estate agents on Long Island systematically discriminated against minorities who wanted to purchase houses. The paper had 25 undercover testers trained, went to 93 real estate agents and secretly recorded 240 hours-worth of meetings involving 5,700 house listings.

The findings: widespread unequal treatment by agents in 19% of conversations involving Asians, 39% involving Hispanics and 49% involving Blacks. The project includes the hidden camera videos and impactful graphics.

From Editor Deborah Henley’s note:

Newsday shares the findings with you our readers to help illuminate an American ideal that is powerful in its simplicity — everyone deserves a fair shot at making a better life. That is a cornerstone to creating a stronger, more inclusive and more tolerant place to live for all of us.

After you read the article, including the editor’s note on how it was reported, your assignment is to determine if this Newsday investigation meets the test for journalists’ undercover reporting. List the three points on your outline, assess them one by one and tell me what you think in half a page.

Assignment due: 10 a.m. Thursday, April 23

Thursday’s discussion will be on the ethics of Photojournalism.

Hope you’re doing well!

All best,

k

Emails

A Privacy Question

Hiya Ethics,

All semester we’ve talked about situations in which you as young journalists might find yourselves—and we’ve talked about the ethical principles you’ll need to keep in mind as you navigate them. Here’s another Privacy question.

My former student Liz Strzepa, a reporter at NBC5 in Burlington, VT, sent me this story she did on the trial of a man who drove the wrong way down an interstate highway and crashed into a car carrying five teenagers, all of whom were killed. Trials are open to the public, and the judge in this case allowed cameras.  Please watch the video of Liz’s story, paying special attention to the last witness to appear.

This is part of the email Liz sent me after the story aired:

Yesterday, there was very emotional testimony from a witness about how she tried to perform CPR on one of the teenagers killed in the wrong-way crash. Susan Jaynes, a nurse, described her moments with Mary Harris after the CPR was not successful:

 “I feel very strongly that the passing of all life is sacred, and I felt a real obligation to just hold space because really that’s all I could do,” she said. “I couldn’t really do anything else besides hold space for something very sacred that was happening.” 

I was very moved by her testimony, and so were many of the parents of the victims in the courtroom. Many of them seemed comforted knowing there was someone there, present with their children as they passed. 

But when I posted the story online some people took issue with it, saying the soundbite and quote in my article were insensitive. One man wrote that the public and the families didn’t need to “re-live those last moments of life.”

So, in your opinion, should I not have included it?

Write a short paragraph answering Liz’s question. What would you have done in her place? Explain why, citing a principle or two from the SPJ Code of Ethics to support your answer. Due: 10 a.m. Tuesday, April 21st

No one ever said good journalism is easy. And the best journalism calls on every resource a reporter has to seek truth and report with both courage and sensitivity. That’s what I love about this profession.

Stay safe out there. Thinking of you all!

All best,

k

Emails

Free Press – Fair Trial

Hello Law!

Free Press/Fair Trial issues are this week’s focus. Please read the outline attached, as well as assigned readings (List, Clifford, Seelye, Valencia and Wright) by Thursday when we’ll explore these ideas in relation to the Boston bombing and Harvey Weinstein trials.

Part of our discussion over the next few days will go to cameras in the courtroom. The Supreme Court has never allowed cameras or live audio feeds, but the justices are hearing 10 cases remotely in May and, for the first time, the audio will be live. These are major cases, including ones on Trump’s taxes, the Electoral College, abortion, gay and transgender rights and Dreamers. The Times reports:

Hearing arguments on the phone will present some challenges for the justices, who frequently interrupt lawyers and talk over one another. They may have to set some ground rules, like asking questions in order of seniority.

That means Justice Ginsburg would go first! And to quote her trainer, “the justice ain’t havin’ it.”  (See her dissent in the WI election case.)

No assignment today, but you’ll have some interesting work on Thursday. And, as always, let me know if you have questions!

All best,

k

Free Press Outline

Emails

Privacy

Good Morning, Ethics!

Privacy is our focus today. Please read the attached outline, as well as Ch. 12 in your text, Keller and Sullivan. Then write a response to the Privacy question by 10 a.m. Thursday.

After today, you can start work on your final assignment, which I emailed you Monday and posted to the course page.

It occurs to me you might feel you have too much privacy right now, but enjoy looking into it anyway. And, as always, let me know if you have questions!

All best,

k

Privacy Outline

Privacy Question

Emails

Ethics Final Assignment

Hiya Ethics,

Attached is your final assignment in Journalism Ethics. Please read it very carefully and check with me if you have questions. Because it’s worth 30% of your grade, it can make a huge difference In how well you do in the course, so it’s a great opportunity—first, to talk with an interesting working journalist and then to showcase how much you’ve learned.

We also have three topics still to cover this week and next: Privacy, Deception and Visual Ethics. I’ll email your Privacy outline Tuesday, and you’ll then have the five outlines you’ll need to review before you do your interviews. About a third of you have approved topics, and I encourage the rest of you to get that done soon.

Looking forward to this week with you!

Ethics Final Assignment

Emails

Protecting Sources

Hiya Law,

Please pay careful attention to the Supreme Court as it behaves as we predicted in class, most recently through its 5-4 decision to reject Democratic efforts to postpone voting in Wisconsin last Tuesday due to the pandemic. The majority considered it a “narrow, technical” decision that refused to extend absentee voting as per state law.

In his Wednesday story, the Times’ Adam Liptak referred to “the optics [of the vote], which were certainly ugly,” and described Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s “blistering dissent,” in which she wrote the majority’s reasoning “boggles the mind”:

“While I do not doubt the good faith of my colleagues,” she wrote, “the court’s order, I fear, will result in massive disenfranchisement.”

While Roberts insists the court is not political, he wrote the majority 5-4 opinion in a 2013 case “that effectively gutted the Voting Rights Act”:

Freed from the act’s constraints, states controlled by Republicans almost immediately started imposing an array of restrictions on voting, including voter ID laws, cutbacks on early voting and purges of voter registration rolls.

On the same day as the Supreme Court decision on WI voting, the WI Supreme Court struck down the Democratic Governor’s order to delay the election. The two decisions taken together meant voters stood in long lines for hours, some wearing masks, to exercise their right to vote, or stayed home, as they had been advised to do for their own safety.

How will these two decisions impact the numbers of people who were able to vote and the election’s outcome? And how will the courts handle the next questions about elections? Stay tuned.

Today’s assignment is to watch PBS Frontline’s “News War”: Part I, Sections 4, 5, 6 and 7, and Part II, Section 15.  This documentary was filmed around the time of the Valerie Plame case, when several journalists were ordered to reveal the source who leaked the identity of Plame, a secret government operative.  Pay special attention to 1) Earl Caldwell, 2) James Goodale, 3) Carl Bernstein, 4) William Safire and, finally in Part II, 5) Josh Wolf.

Your assignment is to explain in a few lines the most significant point or two made by each of these five journalists. (Goodale is an attorney, but he has the heart of a reporter.) Write a summary paragraph at the end about what you learned from this doc. This assignment (about two pages) is due by 1 p.m. next Tuesday.

Remember for Test #3 to keep up with all outlines, assigned readings, assignments and emails—all of which will be reflected on the test. And, as always, let me know if you have questions.

Have a great weekend!

All best,

k

Emails

“Objectivity” v. Compassion

Hiya Ethics,

I hope you’re all keeping up with your work, staying safe and enjoying your lives.

For today, April 9th:

 

  1. Please watch Cynthia McFadden’s NBC investigative piece (11 minutes) on the exploitation of children in mica mining in Madagascar. “If you don’t feel anything about what you’re seeing, you aren’t doing your job,” McFadden says. “If you feel too much, you can’t do your job.”

  1. Then read the assigned articles (Jordan, Walsh, Wallace and Neason) and pull a quote or two from each that focus on these questions: Despite conflict of interest guidelines, can reporters ever involve themselves in their stories? How do they balance “objectivity” and compassion? After you pull quotes from the articles, comment briefly on these same questions. This assignment—about a page and a half–will be due by 10 a.m. Tuesday.

Re your final assignment, an interview with a working journalist, I’ll email you early next week with a more focused version of the assignment. The interviews can be done on Zoom with email follow-ups, and I’ll extend the due date to May 1. Think about talking to local journalists and UMass alums. And remember I’ll need to approve the person you choose, so send me those names as soon as you can.

 

Have a great weekend!

All best,

k